stack4.hpp

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#pragma once

#include <stdexcept>

template <typename T, int MAXSIZE>
class Stack
{
public:
        bool empty() const { return numElems == 0; }

        bool full() const { return numElems == MAXSIZE; }

        void pop();

        void push(const T& e);

        T top() const;

private:
        T elems[MAXSIZE];         
        unsigned int numElems{0}; 
};

// -------------------- Implementations ----------------------------------------

template <typename T, int MAXSIZE>
void Stack<T, MAXSIZE>::pop()
{
        if (numElems <= 0) {
                throw std::out_of_range("Stack<>::pop(): empty stack");
        }
        --numElems;
}

template <typename T, int MAXSIZE>
void Stack<T, MAXSIZE>::push(T const& elem)
{
        if (numElems == MAXSIZE) {
                throw std::out_of_range("Stack<>::push(): stack is full");
        }
        elems[numElems] = elem;
        ++numElems;
}

template <typename T, int MAXSIZE>
T Stack<T, MAXSIZE>::top() const
{
        if (numElems <= 0) {
                throw std::out_of_range("Stack<>::top(): empty stack");
        }
        return elems[numElems - 1];
}